Odessa - Одесса

A city where "the air is filled with all Europe, French is spoken and there are European papers and magazines to read".Created by: Romanov Empire - Империя РомановыхDated: 1901
Statue of the Duc de Richelieu, Odessa

Odessa was the site of a 6th century BC Greek trade settlement, possibly established by city of Histria. In the Middle Ages, Odessa was ruled by nomadic tribes of Petchenegs, Cumans, the Golden Horde, the Crimean Khanate, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and the Ottoman Empire. The site of present-day Odessa became a fortress known as Khadjibey (named for Hacı I Giray, Kocibey in English). During the reign of Khan Hacı I Giray of Crimea (1441–1466), the Crimean Tatar Khanate was endangered by the Golden Horde and the Ottoman Empire and, and in search of allies, the khan agreed to cede the area to Lithuania. It fell under the control of the Ottoman Empire after 1529.

During the 1760-70s Cossacks took the fortress several times and in 1789 Russian troops defeated the Ottomans and the city of Odessa was founded by Catherine the Great, Russian Empress. The Moldavian colony that later will be known as "Moldavanka" was already there. De Ribas and Franz de Volan recommended the area of Khadzhibei fortress as the site for the region's major port. In 1794 Catherine approved the founding of the new port-city and invested money in construction.

From 1795 to 1814, the population of Odessa increased 15 times and reached 20 thousand people. In the mid-19th century, Odessa became a popular resort among the Russian upper classes. The first city plan was designed by F. Devollan. Colonists of various ethnicities settled mainly in the area of the former Moldavian colony, outside of the official boundaries, and as a consequence, in the first third of the 19th century, it emerged as the dominant settlement. After planning by the official architects who designed buildings in Odessa's central district, such as the Italians Francesco Carlo Boffo and Giovanni Torricelli, Moldovanka was included in the general city plan.

The new city quickly became a major success. Its early growth owed much to the work of the Duc de Richelieu, who served as the city's governor between 1803 and 1814. Having fled the French Revolution, he had served in Catherine's army against the Turks. He is credited with designing the city and organizing its amenities and infrastructure. Richelieu is commemorated by a bronze statue, unveiled in 1828 to a design by Ivan Martos. His contributions to the city are mentioned by Mark Twain in his travelogue Innocents Abroad: "I mention this statue and this stairway because they have their story. Richelieu founded Odessa – watched over it with paternal care – labored with a fertile brain and a wise understanding for its best interests – spent his fortune freely to the same end – endowed it with a sound prosperity, and one which will yet make it one of the great cities of the Old World".

Another Frenchman, Count Andrault de Langeron, succeeded him in office. In 1819, the city became a free port, a status it retained until 1859. It became home to an extremely diverse population of Albanians, Armenians, Azeris, Bulgarians, Crimean Tatars, Frenchmen, Germans (including Mennonites), Greeks, Italians, Jews, Poles, Romanians, Russians, Turks, Ukrainians, and traders representing many other nationalities (hence numerous "ethnic" names on the city's map, for example Frantsuzky (French) and Italiansky (Italian) Boulevards, Grecheskaya (Greek), Yevreyskaya (Jewish), Arnautskaya (Albanian) Streets). Its cosmopolitan nature was documented by the great Russian poet Alexander Pushkin, who lived in internal exile in Odessa between 1823 and 1824. In his letters, he wrote that Odessa was a city where "the air is filled with all Europe, French is spoken and there are European papers and magazines to read".

Odessa's growth was interrupted by the Crimean War of 1853–1856, during which it was bombarded by British and Imperial French naval forces. It soon recovered and the growth in trade made Odessa Russia's largest grain-exporting port. In 1866, the city was linked by rail with Kiev and Kharkiv as well as with Iaşi in Romania. By the early 1900s Odessa had become a large, thriving city, with European architecture and electrified urban transport.

The city became the home of a large Jewish community during the 19th century, and by 1897 Jews were estimated to comprise some 37% of the population. They were, due to interethnic conflict that had existed throughout the 19th century, repeatedly subjected to anti-Jewish backlash. Pogroms were carried out in 1821, 1859, 1871, 1881 and 1905. Many Odessan Jews fled abroad after 1882, particularly to the Ottoman region that became Palestine, and the city became an important base of support for Zionism.

In 1905, Odessa was the site of a workers' uprising supported by the crew of the Russian battleship Potemkin and Lenin's Iskra. Sergei Eisenstein's famous motion picture The Battleship Potemkin commemorated the uprising and included a scene where hundreds of Odessan citizens were murdered on the great stone staircase (now popularly known as the "Potemkin Steps"), in one of the most famous scenes in motion picture history. At the top of the steps, which lead down to the port, stands a statue of the Duc de Richelieu. The actual massacre took place in streets nearby, not on the steps themselves, but the film caused many to visit Odessa to see the site of the "slaughter". The "Odessa Steps" continue to be a tourist attraction in Odessa. The film was made at Odessa's Cinema Factory, one of the oldest cinema studios in the former Soviet Union.

Following the Bolshevik Revolution in 1917 during Ukrainian-Soviet War, Odessa saw two Bolsheviks armed insurgencies, the second of which succeeded in establishing their control over the city; for the following months, the city became a center of the Odessa Soviet Republic. After signing of the Brest-Litovsk Treaty all Bolshevik forces were driven out by the combined armed forces of Central Powers, providing support to the Ukrainian People's Republic. With the end of the World War I and withdrawal of armies of Central Powers, the Soviet forces fought for control over the country with the army of Ukrainian People's Republic. Few months later the city was occupied by the French Army and the Greek Army that supported the Russian White Army in struggle with the Bolsheviks. The Ukrainian general Nikifor Grigoriev who sided with Bolsheviks managed to drive the unwelcome Triple Entente forces out of the city, but Odessa was soon retaken by the Russian White Army. By 1920 the Soviet Red Army managed to overpower both Ukrainian and Russian White Army and secure the city.

Explore Odessa - Одесса collectionopen_in_new
533 Media in collection ∙ page 3 of 6
Odessa Opera and Ballet Theater

Odessa Opera and Ballet Theater

Public domain photograph of theater building, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Odessa, Libman cafe 1900-1914 - Russian postcard. Public domain image.

Odessa, Libman cafe 1900-1914 - Russian postcard. Public domain image.

Public domain photograph of a postcard, historic place view, landmark, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Prakticheskaya Harbor. Odessa, 1900-1914

Prakticheskaya Harbor. Odessa, 1900-1914

Public domain photograph of 19th-century vintage card, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Odessa, Post office. 1900-1914, Russian Empire, 19th century

Odessa, Post office. 1900-1914, Russian Empire, 19th century

Public domain photograph of 19th-century vintage card, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Odessa Opera and Ballet Theater

Odessa Opera and Ballet Theater

Public domain photograph of stairs, steps, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Odessa, Fruit Garden, 1900-1914

Odessa, Fruit Garden, 1900-1914

Public domain photograph of historic place, landmark, 19th-century, vintage travel, landscape, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Odessa, Department Store. 1900-1914

Odessa, Department Store. 1900-1914

Public domain photograph of pharmacy, convenience store, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Richelieu St. Odessa, 1900-1914

Richelieu St. Odessa, 1900-1914

Public domain photo of a monument, historic place, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Odessa, Russia 1900-1914, Russian Empire, 19th century

Odessa, Russia 1900-1914, Russian Empire, 19th century

Public domain photograph of 19th-century vintage card, vintage travel, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Odessa, 1900-1914, Russian Empire, 19th century

Odessa, 1900-1914, Russian Empire, 19th century

Picryl description: Public domain image of a public building, auditorium, hall, commons, 19th-20th century architecture, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Odessa seaport, 1900-1914, Russian Empire, 19th century

Odessa seaport, 1900-1914, Russian Empire, 19th century

Public domain image of a historic view of Boston Harbor, Massachusetts, free to use, no copyright restrictions - Picryl description

Odessa seaport view, 1900-1914, Russian Empire, 19th century

Odessa seaport view, 1900-1914, Russian Empire, 19th century

Public domain photograph of 19th-century vintage card, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Andreevsky Liman and Hospital. Odessa, 1900-1914

Andreevsky Liman and Hospital. Odessa, 1900-1914

Public domain photograph of a postcard, historic place view, landmark, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Odessa Opera and Ballet Theater

Odessa Opera and Ballet Theater

Picryl description: Public domain image of a historical building, landmark architecture, world heritage, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Cadet School. Odessa, 1900-1914

Cadet School. Odessa, 1900-1914

Picryl description: Public domain image of a palace, villa, or large historic building, architecture, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Odessa, New Catholic Church. 1900-1914

Odessa, New Catholic Church. 1900-1914

Public domain photo of a church building, 19th century, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description.

Theater. Odessa, 1900-1914, Russian Empire, 19th century

Theater. Odessa, 1900-1914, Russian Empire, 19th century

Public domain photograph of theater building, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Statue of the Duc de Richelieu, Odessa

Statue of the Duc de Richelieu, Odessa

Public domain photo of a monument, historic place, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Praktychna Havan, Port of Odessa

Praktychna Havan, Port of Odessa

Public domain photograph of a postcard, historic place view, landmark, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Odessa Ekaterininskaya stand view of Nikolaevskiy Boulevard 1900-1914

Odessa Ekaterininskaya stand view of Nikolaevskiy Boulevard 1900-1914

Public domain photograph of 19th-century vintage card, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Odessa Sea View with ships. - Russian postcard. Public domain image.

Odessa Sea View with ships. - Russian postcard. Public domain image.

Picryl description: Public domain photo of vintage naval ship postcard, free to use, no copyright restrictions image.

Odessa Harbor and Lighthouse. Vine Ad.

Odessa Harbor and Lighthouse. Vine Ad.

Public domain photograph of a postcard, landscape view, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Praktychna Havan, Port of Odessa

Praktychna Havan, Port of Odessa

Public domain image of a historic view of Boston Harbor, Massachusetts, free to use, no copyright restrictions - Picryl description

Potemkin Stairs, Potemkin Steps, a giant stairway in Odessa

Potemkin Stairs, Potemkin Steps, a giant stairway in Odessa

Public domain photo of a monument, historic place, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Main Post Office. Odessa, 1900-1914

Main Post Office. Odessa, 1900-1914

Public domain photograph of 19th-century vintage card, vintage travel, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Catherine II monument. Odessa, 1900-1914

Catherine II monument. Odessa, 1900-1914

Public domain photo of a monument, historic place, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Sanatorium. Odessa, 1900-1914 - Russian postcard. Public domain image.

Sanatorium. Odessa, 1900-1914 - Russian postcard. Public domain image.

Picryl description: Public domain image of park architecture, palace, chateau, open space, 18th, and 19th-century architecture, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

The patient during the mud bath in the mud bath in Kuyalnik estuary

The patient during the mud bath in the mud bath in Kuyalnik estuary

The patient during the mud bath in the mud bath in Kuyalnik estuary

The mud cure clinic at Kuyalnik estuary

The mud cure clinic at Kuyalnik estuary

The stay of members of the imperial family in Odessa and the mud bath at the Kuyalnik estuary.1914-1915 - Пребывание членов императорской фамилии в Одессе и Грязелечебница на Куяльницком лимане.1914-1915

Prison Square, Odessa, 1900-1914

Prison Square, Odessa, 1900-1914

Public domain photograph of a postcard, historic place view, landmark, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Boulevard in Odessa, Russian empire, 1900-1914

Boulevard in Odessa, Russian empire, 1900-1914

Public domain photograph related to the history of Russia, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Odessa harbor, 1900-1914, Russian Empire, 19th century

Odessa harbor, 1900-1914, Russian Empire, 19th century

Public domain image of a historic view of Boston Harbor, Massachusetts, free to use, no copyright restrictions - Picryl description

Andrievsky Liman - View of the Summer Theater, Odessa, 1900-1914

Andrievsky Liman - View of the Summer Theater, Odessa, 1900-1914

Andrievsky Liman - View of the Summer Theater Андриевский лиман - Вид Летнего театра

The house of the "Life insurance company". Odessa, 1900-1914

The house of the "Life insurance company". Odessa, 1900-1914

The house of the "Life insurance company". Odessa, 1900-1914 Public domain photograph of a palace, mansion building in Russia, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

The park on Hadzhibeevsky estuary. Odessa, 1900-1914

The park on Hadzhibeevsky estuary. Odessa, 1900-1914

The park on Hadzhibeevsky estuary. Парк на Хаджибеевском лимане.

Odessa. Square with the Monument to Catherine II The Great

Odessa. Square with the Monument to Catherine II The Great

Public domain photograph related to the history of Russia, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Zhukovskaya st, Odessa, 1900-1914

Zhukovskaya st, Odessa, 1900-1914

Picryl description: Public domain image of a department store, commercial building, downtown, shopping center, 19th-20th century, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Odessa, Exchange building, Burse 1900-1914

Odessa, Exchange building, Burse 1900-1914

Public domain photograph of a postcard, historic place view, landmark, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Odessa, Burse, 1900-1914 - Russian postcard. Public domain image.

Odessa, Burse, 1900-1914 - Russian postcard. Public domain image.

Public domain photograph of a postcard, historic place view, landmark, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Odessa, Alexander Park 1900-1914

Odessa, Alexander Park 1900-1914

Public domain photograph of a postcard, historic place view, landmark, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Odessa, Deribas st. 1900-1914 - Russian postcard. Public domain image.

Odessa, Deribas st. 1900-1914 - Russian postcard. Public domain image.

Public domain photograph of a postcard, historic place view, landmark, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Odessa Kharsonskaya and Preobrazhenskaya st, 1900-1914

Odessa Kharsonskaya and Preobrazhenskaya st, 1900-1914

Public domain photo of a monument, historic place, 19th century, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description.

Odessa, Alexandrov park, 1900-1914

Odessa, Alexandrov park, 1900-1914

Picryl description: Public domain image of a historic park, open terrace, world heritage landmark, classical or neoclassical architecture, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Odessa, Harbor View 1900-1914, Russian Empire, 19th century

Odessa, Harbor View 1900-1914, Russian Empire, 19th century

Public domain photograph related to the history of Russia, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Odessa, 1900-1914, Russian Empire, 19th century

Odessa, 1900-1914, Russian Empire, 19th century

Public domain photograph of 19th-century vintage card, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Shopping Mall. Odessa, 1900-1914

Shopping Mall. Odessa, 1900-1914

Public domain photograph of a shop, shopping, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Beer and Pirogi. Odessa, 1900-1914

Beer and Pirogi. Odessa, 1900-1914

Public domain photograph related to the history of Russia, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Building Kotlyarevskogo. Odessa, 1900-1914

Building Kotlyarevskogo. Odessa, 1900-1914

Picryl description: Public domain image of a department store, commercial building, downtown, shopping center, 19th-20th century, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Odessa Telephone Station, 1900-1914

Odessa Telephone Station, 1900-1914

Public domain photograph of train station, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Food Store Dubinin. Odessa, 1900-1914

Food Store Dubinin. Odessa, 1900-1914

Public domain photograph related to the history of Russia, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Shopping Passage. Odessa, 1900-1914

Shopping Passage. Odessa, 1900-1914

Picryl description: Public domain image of a department store, commercial building, downtown, shopping center, 19th-20th century, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Aviator Mikhail Efimov. Odessa, 1900-1914

Aviator Mikhail Efimov. Odessa, 1900-1914

Picryl description: Public domain image of a pilot, aviator, aircraft, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Odessa Theater, 1900-1914, Russian Empire, 19th century

Odessa Theater, 1900-1914, Russian Empire, 19th century

Public domain photograph of theater building, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Odessa, Train Station. 1900-1914

Odessa, Train Station. 1900-1914

Picryl description: Public domain image of a palace, villa, or large historic building, architecture, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Maly Fountain, Odessa, 1900-1914

Maly Fountain, Odessa, 1900-1914

Public domain photograph related to the history of Russia, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Public Library. Odessa, 1900-1914

Public Library. Odessa, 1900-1914

Public domain photograph of library building, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Odessa Opera and Ballet Theater

Odessa Opera and Ballet Theater

Picryl description: Public domain image of a historical building, landmark architecture, world heritage, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Odessa Opera and Ballet Theater

Odessa Opera and Ballet Theater

Picryl description: Public domain image of a historical building, landmark architecture, world heritage, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Odessa Seaport. 1900-1914, Russian Empire, 19th century

Odessa Seaport. 1900-1914, Russian Empire, 19th century

Public domain photograph related to the history of Russia, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Sredny Fountain. Odessa, 1900-1914

Sredny Fountain. Odessa, 1900-1914

Picryl description: Public domain image of a mountain cliff view, natural rocky landscape, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Praktychna Havan, Port of Odessa

Praktychna Havan, Port of Odessa

Public domain photograph of a postcard, historic place view, landmark, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Odessa, Ekaterininskaya st. 1900-1914

Odessa, Ekaterininskaya st. 1900-1914

Public domain photograph of 19th-century vintage card, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Odessa Opera and Ballet Theater

Odessa Opera and Ballet Theater

Public domain photograph of theater building, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Odessa view, 1900-1914 - Russian postcard. Public domain image.

Odessa view, 1900-1914 - Russian postcard. Public domain image.

Public domain photograph of a postcard, historic place view, landmark, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Odessa, Central Bank. 1900-1914

Odessa, Central Bank. 1900-1914

Public domain photograph of bank building, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Odessa, Deribas and Richeliew corner. 1900-1914

Odessa, Deribas and Richeliew corner. 1900-1914

Public domain photograph of 19th-century vintage card, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Odessa, from the stair. 1900-1914

Odessa, from the stair. 1900-1914

Public domain photograph of stairs, steps, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Odessa Harbor and Lighthouse - Russian postcard. Public domain image.

Odessa Harbor and Lighthouse - Russian postcard. Public domain image.

Picryl description: Public domain photo of vintage naval ship postcard, free to use, no copyright restrictions image.

Odessa, Deribas street, 1900-1914

Odessa, Deribas street, 1900-1914

Public domain photograph of 19th-century vintage card, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Odessa Catherine's Yacht Club - Russian postcard. Public domain image.

Odessa Catherine's Yacht Club - Russian postcard. Public domain image.

Public domain image of a historic view of Boston Harbor, Massachusetts, free to use, no copyright restrictions - Picryl description

Praktychna Havan, Port of Odessa

Praktychna Havan, Port of Odessa

Public domain photograph of a postcard, historic place view, landmark, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Cape Malyi Fontan, Odessa - Russian postcard. Public domain image.

Cape Malyi Fontan, Odessa - Russian postcard. Public domain image.

Public domain photograph of a postcard, historic place view, landmark, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Meeting of Nicholas II in Odessa Port, 1914-1915

Meeting of Nicholas II in Odessa Port, 1914-1915

The stay of members of the imperial family in Odessa and the mud bath at the Kuyalnik estuary.1914-1915 - Пребывание членов императорской фамилии в Одессе и Грязелечебница на Куяльницком лимане.1914-1915

Odessa, Big Moscow Hotel, 1900-1914

Odessa, Big Moscow Hotel, 1900-1914

Picryl description: Public domain image of a department store, commercial building, downtown, shopping center, 19th-20th century, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Odessa Cathedral in 1900s - Victorian era public domain image

Odessa Cathedral in 1900s - Victorian era public domain image

Public domain photograph of vintage postcard, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Catherine Street, Odessa, 1900-1914

Catherine Street, Odessa, 1900-1914

Public domain photograph of a postcard, historic place view, landmark, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Odessa Brewery, 1900-1914 - Russian postcard. Public domain image.

Odessa Brewery, 1900-1914 - Russian postcard. Public domain image.

Public domain photograph of a postcard, historic place view, landmark, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Odessa, Andreevsky Liman 1900-1914

Odessa, Andreevsky Liman 1900-1914

Public domain photograph of a postcard, historic place view, landmark, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Odessa, Androsov mall, 1900-1914

Odessa, Androsov mall, 1900-1914

Public domain photograph of a postcard, historic place view, landmark, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Odessa, Public Library 1900-1914

Odessa, Public Library 1900-1914

Public domain photograph of library building, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

German Kirche, Odessa - Russian postcard. Public domain image.

German Kirche, Odessa - Russian postcard. Public domain image.

Lutheran Church, Odessa. Лютеранская церковь - Одесса Public domain scan of the vintage German Empire postcard, 19th century, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Odessa Cathedral postcards - Russian postcard. Public domain image.

Odessa Cathedral postcards - Russian postcard. Public domain image.

Picryl description: Public domain image of a historical building, landmark architecture, world heritage, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Odessa, Giant Samovar, City Expo, 1900-1914

Odessa, Giant Samovar, City Expo, 1900-1914

Public domain photograph related to the history of Russia, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Odessa, Arkadia, 1900-1914, Russian Empire, 19th century

Odessa, Arkadia, 1900-1914, Russian Empire, 19th century

Public domain photograph related to the history of Russia, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Odessa, Hotel De Ville, 1900-1914

Odessa, Hotel De Ville, 1900-1914

Public domain photo of a monument, historic place, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Odessa, Train Station, 1900-1914

Odessa, Train Station, 1900-1914

Public domain photograph of train station, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Odessa, Catherine II Monument, 1900-1914

Odessa, Catherine II Monument, 1900-1914

Picryl description: Public domain image of a statue, monument, sculpture, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Uspenskaya Church. Odessa, 1900-1914

Uspenskaya Church. Odessa, 1900-1914

Public domain photograph of church building, Christianity, religious architecture, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Department Store, Odessa, 1900-1914

Department Store, Odessa, 1900-1914

Picryl description: Public domain image of a department store, commerce, shopping, main street, city downtown, early 20th-century, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Aviator Efimov with the passenger. Odessa, 1900-1914

Aviator Efimov with the passenger. Odessa, 1900-1914

Public domain photograph - aircraft, aviation, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Drivers License, Odessa, 1914, Russian Empire, 19th century

Drivers License, Odessa, 1914, Russian Empire, 19th century

Public domain photograph of military personnel, army, militia, infantry, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Mercedes Benz Dealer Advertising, Odessa, 1900-1914

Mercedes Benz Dealer Advertising, Odessa, 1900-1914

Sanatorium, Odessa, 1900-1914, Russian Empire, 19th century

Sanatorium, Odessa, 1900-1914, Russian Empire, 19th century

Public domain photograph of 19th-century vintage card, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Reno and Berlie Cars, Dealer Advertising. Odessa, 1900-1914

Reno and Berlie Cars, Dealer Advertising. Odessa, 1900-1914

Shustov Cognac Ad. Odessa, 1900-1914

Shustov Cognac Ad. Odessa, 1900-1914

Public domain photograph of a tram car, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Odessa, view from the sea 1900-1914

Odessa, view from the sea 1900-1914

Public domain photograph of 19th-century vintage card, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Odessa Bourse (old), 1900-1914, Russian Empire, 19th century

Odessa Bourse (old), 1900-1914, Russian Empire, 19th century

Public domain photo of a monument, historic place, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Voyenny Spusk. Seaport. Odessa, 1900-1914

Voyenny Spusk. Seaport. Odessa, 1900-1914

Picryl description: Public domain image of park architecture, palace, chateau, open space, 18th, and 19th-century architecture, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Roman Catholic Church, Odessa, 1900-1914

Roman Catholic Church, Odessa, 1900-1914

Picryl description: Public domain image of a cathedral or church building, free to use, no copyright restrictions image.

Odessa, Seaport, 1900-1914 - Russian postcard. Public domain image.

Odessa, Seaport, 1900-1914 - Russian postcard. Public domain image.

Public domain image of a historic view of Boston Harbor, Massachusetts, free to use, no copyright restrictions - Picryl description

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